Pterygium is an abnormal growth of conjunctival tissue extending onto the cornea, typically in a triangular shape from the inner corner of the eye.
It commonly occurs in individuals who work outdoors and are regularly exposed to sunlight, wind, dust, or UV radiation.
Indications for Pterygium Surgery:
- Large pterygium that affects vision
- Chronic irritation, burning, or discomfort
- Restricted eye movement
- Cosmetic or aesthetic concerns
Treatment Options:
Conservative Treatment:
Suitable for smaller or less severe pterygium cases.
- Eye drops to relieve symptoms
- Avoid sun, dust, and wind by wearing sunglasses
Surgical Treatment:
If any of the above indications apply, surgery becomes the main option.
Pterygium Surgery:
There are various surgical techniques. The most effective and least likely to cause recurrence is pterygium removal with conjunctival and limbal stem cell graft using biological glue.
Alternative surgical options include:
- Using amniotic membrane instead of the patient’s own conjunctiva, especially when:
* There’s conjunctival scarring or
* The conjunctiva is needed for glaucoma surgery
- Sutures instead of biological glue to reduce cost. Suitable for:
* Elderly patients with lower recurrence risk
* Patients who can tolerate longer surgery time and mild post-operative discomfort
Preoperative Preparation:
- Discontinue contact lenses as advised by your doctor
- Stop taking blood-thinning medications (e.g., aspirin, herbal remedies)
- Clean the area around the eyes and avoid makeup on the day of surgery
Postoperative Care:
- Patients can return home after surgery
- Eye should be patched for 24–48 hours depending on pterygium size
- Use prescribed eye drops regularly
- Avoid makeup and contact lenses for the first 2–4 weeks
- Avoid rubbing eyes
- Wear sunglasses to protect from sunlight, wind, and dust
- Continue eye drops for 1–4 months, depending on recurrence risk
- Monitor closely for recurrence during the first 4 months
If you have a pterygium requiring surgery or suspect you may have one, consult an ophthalmologist for proper diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan.
